Glossary

The SQE has its own vocabulary, and understanding it is the first step to navigating the qualification route with confidence. This glossary covers the key terms across SQE1, SQE2, the exam process, and English legal practice — from FLK1 and QWE to advocacy and the threshold standard. Search by keyword, filter by category, or browse alphabetically. Where a term connects to a dedicated guide, we have linked it directly.

A

Advocacy #

Jêhatîbûneke pratîkî ku di SQE2 de tê pîvandin: berbijar di darizandineke şêwekirî de nûnertiya muwekîlekî dike, gotinên devkî pêşkêş dike, şahidan dipirse û argumanên hiqûqî li ber dadger radigihîne.

Practise SQE2 advocacy in a live mock

Attendance Note #

Tomarkirineke nivîskî ya civîna bi muwekîl re ku solicitor yekser piştî hevdîtinê amade dike. Di SQE2 de divê berbijar piştî lîstika rola hevpeyvîna muwekîl attendance noteyeke rast û bi awayekî pîşeyî sazkirî binivîse.

SQE2 client interview and attendance note practice

B

Bar Professional Training Course (BPTC) #

Kursa pîşeyî ya piştî lîsansê ji bo kesên ku dixwazin li Îngilîstan û Wales wek barrister bibin xwedî destûr. Mezûnên BPTC dikarin bêyî ku qonaxa akademîk dubare bikin bi rêya SQE bibin solicitor.

The SQE route for BPTC grads and barristers

Billing #

Pêvajoya tomarkirin û fatûrekirina wextê ku ji bo dosyayên muwekîlan hatiye terxankirin. Di SQE2 de dibe ku ji berbijar bê xwestin prensîbên fatûreyê di erkeke nivîsîna hiqûqî an birêvebirina dosyayê de bi kar bîne.

Costs and billing in the FLK1 syllabus

Business Law and Practice (BLP) #

Yek ji warên Functioning Legal Knowledge e ku di SQE1 FLK1 de tê pîvandin. Damezrandin û avahiya şirketan, danûstandinên şirketî, hevkarî, îflas û peymanên bazirganî dihewîne.

Business Law and Practice in FLK1

C

Case and Matter Analysis (CMA) #

Îmtîhaneke nivîskî ya SQE2 ku ji berbijar dixwaze rewşeke rastîn analîz bike, pirsên hiqûqî yên girîng diyar bike, hiqûqa sepandinê bi kar bîne, argumanên dijber bipîve û rêyeke kirinê ya bi sedem pêşniyar bike.

How the SQE2 CMA assessment works

Civil Litigation #

Warê pratîkê di nav Dispute Resolution de ku di SQE1 FLK1 de tê pîvandin. Protokolên beriya dozê, Civil Procedure Rules, rêçikên darizandinê, eşkerekirina belgeyan, delîlên şahidan û bicihanîna biryaran dihewîne.

Dispute Resolution and civil litigation in FLK1

Client Care Letter #

Nameyeke fermî ya ku di destpêka dosyayê de ji muwekîl re tê şandin û mercên wergirtina solicitor, rêkeftina heqê xebatê û rêbaza gilîyan destnîşan dike. Amadekirina wê dikare di erkên nivîskî yên SQE2 de bê pîvandin.

SQE2 Legal Writing mocks with feedback

Client Interview #

Îmtîhana lîstika rolê di SQE2 de: berbijar bi lîstikvanekî ku rola muwekîl dilîze re dicive, agahiyan li ser rewşa wî berhev dike, pirsên sereke yên hiqûqî diyar dike û şîreteke destpêkê dide — hemû di nav dema diyarkirî de.

SQE2 client interview practice sessions

Company Law #

Warek di nav Business Law and Practice de ku di SQE1 FLK1 de tê pîvandin. Damezrandin û peymannameya şirketan, erkên rêveberan, sermayeya pişkan, rêveberiya şirketî û qaîdeyên civîn û biryaran dihewîne.

Company law within FLK1 Business Law and Practice

Conflict of Interest #

Rewşa ku tê de erkê solicitor li hember muwekîlekî bi erkê wî li hember muwekîlekî din an bi berjewendiyên wî yên şexsî re dikeve nakokiyê. Ev qaîde beşek ji SRA Code of Conduct in û hem di SQE1 hem di SQE2 de tên pîvandin.

Ethics and professional conduct in SQE1

Constitutional and Administrative Law #

Dersa FLK1 ku çavkaniyên hiqûqa destûrî ya Brîtanyayê, serweriya parlamentoyê, hukumdariya qanûnê, kontrola dadwerî ya biryarên îdarî û Human Rights Act 1998 dihewîne.

Constitutional and administrative law in FLK1

Contract Law #

Dersa bingehîn a FLK1: pêşkêşkirin û qebûlkirin, consideration, mercên peymanê, bendên vekişandina berpirsiyariyê, binpêkirin, çareserî û frustration. Prensîbên peymanê bingeha gelek senaryoyên SQE2 ne.

Contract law of England and Wales for the SQE

Conveyancing #

Pêvajoya hiqûqî ya veguhastina xwedaniya erd an milkê ji aliyekî bo aliyekî din. Di SQE1 FLK2 de di bin Property Practice de û wek çarçoveya erkên pratîkî yên SQE2 tê pîvandin.

Property Practice and conveyancing in FLK2

Criminal Law and Practice #

Dersa FLK2 ku hêmanên sûcan, parastin, avahiya dadgehên cezayî, kefalet, eşkerekirina delîlan, prensîbên diyarkirina cezayê û mafên bersûc dihewîne.

Criminal Law and Practice in FLK2

Cross-examination #

Teknîka pirsyariyê ya di darizandinê de ku parêzer delîla şahidekî dide ber pirsan. Perwerdehiya advocacy ya Superexam ji bo SQE2 û Higher Rights of Audience rahênaneke taybet a pirsyariya berevajî dihewîne.

Cross-examination coaching for SQE2 and Bar exams

D

Disclosure #

Pêvajoya ku tê de aliyên dozê beriya darizandinê belgeyên girîng bi hev re diguherin. Qaîdeyên eşkerekirina standard û berfireh li gorî Civil Procedure Rules di modula Dispute Resolution a SQE1 FLK1 de tên pîvandin.

Disclosure in FLK1 Dispute Resolution

Dispute Resolution #

Dersa bingehîn a SQE1 FLK1 ku rêbaza dozgeriya sivîl, rêyên alternatîf ên çareserkirina nakokiyan (navbeynkarî, tehkîm, danûstandin), protokolên beriya dozê û rola dadgehan dihewîne.

Dispute Resolution in the FLK1 syllabus

Duty of Confidentiality #

Erkê pîşeyî yê bingehîn ku solicitor mecbûr dike hemû agahiyên li ser dosyaya muwekîl veşartî bihêle, hem di dema wergirtinê hem piştî wê. Îstîsnayên wê sînordar in û ew di her du qonaxên SQE de tê pîvandin.

Professional conduct and ethics in SQE1

E

Equity and Trusts #

Dersa SQE1 FLK1 li ser damezrandin û birêvebirina trustên aşkere, encamgir û avaker, çareseriyên equity, erkên emanetdariyê û têkiliya di navbera xwedaniya hiqûqî û ya feydegir de.

Trusts in the FLK2 syllabus

European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) #

Peymaneke navneteweyî ku mafên bingehîn û azadiyan diparêze. Hikmên wê bi Human Rights Act 1998 ketin nav hiqûqa navxweyî û di SQE1 FLK1 de di bin Constitutional and Administrative Law de tên pîvandin.

Human rights within FLK1 constitutional law

Exemptions (SQE) #

Muafiyetên qismî ji yek an çend îmtîhanên SQE ku SRA didin wan berbijaran ku dikarin fêrbûn an destûrdariyeke berê ya hevwate îsbat bikin. Solicitorên ku li dadgehên din xwedî destûr in û mezûnên LPC dikarin ji vê sûd werbigirin.

SQE exemptions: who qualifies and how to apply

F

Fiduciary Duty #

Erkê hiqûqî yê tevgerîna li gorî berjewendiya herî baş a kesekî din. Solicitor li hember muwekîlên xwe xwedî erkên emanetdariyê ne; ev têgeh di modulên Equity and Trusts û Professional Conduct ên SQE1 de tê pîvandin.

Trusts and fiduciary duties in FLK2

G

GDL (Graduate Diploma in Law) #

Kursa veguhastinê ya salekê ku dihêle mezûnên ne-hiqûqî qonaxa akademîk a perwerdehiya hiqûqî temam bikin. Xwediyên GDL piştre dikarin rasterast derbasî amadekariya SQE bibin.

The SQE route for LLB and GDL graduates

H

Higher Rights of Audience (HRA) #

Destûrdariyeke zêde ku dihêle solicitor li dadgehên bilind ên Îngilîstan û Wales, tevî Crown Court û jor de, parêzeriyê bike. Superexam li kêleka amadekariya SQE amadekariyeke taybet a HRA pêşkêş dike.

HRA advocacy assessment coaching

Human Rights Act 1998 #

Qanûna ku mafên ECHR xistin nav hiqûqa navxweyî ya Brîtanyayê û hişt ku li dadgehên Brîtanyayê behsa wan bê kirin. Di SQE1 FLK1 de di bin Constitutional and Administrative Law de tê pîvandin.

Human rights in the FLK1 constitutional syllabus

I

Injunction #

Çareseriya equity ku aliyekî mecbûr dike karekî diyar bike an jê xwe bide alî. Fermanên qedexekirinê, tevî yên demkî, di modulên Equity and Trusts û Dispute Resolution ên SQE1 de tên pîvandin.

Remedies and injunctions in FLK1

Insolvency #

Rewşa ku tê de kesek an şirketek nikare deynên xwe di dema wan de bide. Qaîdeyên îflasa şirketî û şexsî di SQE1 FLK1 de di bin Business Law and Practice de tên pîvandin.

Insolvency within FLK1 Business Law and Practice

J

Judicial Review #

Rêbaza ku bi wê High Court rewabûna biryarên saziyên giştî kontrol dike. Rêbaz û sedemên judicial review di SQE1 FLK1 de di bin Constitutional and Administrative Law de tên pîvandin.

Judicial review in FLK1 administrative law

L

Land Law #

Warê hiqûqê ku xwedanî, mafên li ser û danûstandinên bi erdê ve rêk dixe. Prensîbên wê bingeha modula Property Practice a SQE1 FLK2 ne û di erkên pratîkî yên SQE2 de jî derdikevin.

Land law in the FLK2 syllabus

LLB (Bachelor of Laws) #

Lîsansa hiqûqê ku qonaxa akademîk a perwerdehiya hiqûqî li Îngilîstan û Wales bicih tîne. Mezûnên LLB dikarin bêyî GDL rasterast derbasî amadekariya SQE bibin.

The SQE route for LLB and GDL graduates

LLM (Master of Laws) #

Destûra piştî lîsansê di hiqûqê de. LLM bi xwe bixweber ji SQE muaf nake, lê xwediyê wê dikare li gorî naveroka xwendina xwe ji SRA muafiyetê bixwaze.

SQE for international students and LLM graduates

M

Magistrates' Court #

Dadgeha cezayî ya jêrîn ku tê de sûcên kurt û hin sûcên either-way tên darizandin. Desthilat, rêbaz û hêza cezadanê ya wê di SQE1 FLK2 de di bin Criminal Law and Practice de tê pîvandin.

Criminal practice and court procedure in FLK2

Mark Scheme #

Pîvanên berfireh ên ku nirxandarên SQE ji bo nirxandina performansa erkên jêhatîbûnê yên SQE2 bi kar tînin. Ew bi threshold standard ve girêdayî ne, nayên weşandin, lê di taybetmendiyên nirxandinê yên SRA de xuya dikin.

How the SQE is marked and passed

MCQ (Multiple-Choice Question) #

A question presenting a factual stem followed by a fixed set of answer options. SQE1 uses a specific MCQ variant — the single-best-answer format — in which several options may be arguably defensible but only one is the best answer on the facts given. FLK1 and FLK2 consist of 180 MCQs each, sat under timed conditions with no negative marking for wrong answers.

Practise SQE1 MCQs and mock tests

MCT (Multiple-Choice Test) #

Îmtîhana zanînê ya rêya berê ya QLTS. Şûna MCT pelên SQE1 FLK1 û FLK2 girtine, ku formateke single-best-answer a wekhev bi kar tînin.

The QLTS Multiple Choice Test explained

Mediation #

Şiklekî çareserkirina alternatîf a nakokiyan ku tê de aliyekî sêyem ê bêalî danûstandina di navbera aliyan de hêsan dike. Navbeynkarî di modula Dispute Resolution a SQE1 FLK1 de tê pîvandin.

ADR and mediation in FLK1 Dispute Resolution

Merits Assessment #

Nirxandina hêz û lawaziyên rewşa hiqûqî ya muwekîl, tevî îhtîmalên serkeftinê di dozê an danûstandinê de. Di çend erkên nivîskî û devkî yên SQE2 de tê xwestin.

Assessing the merits of a claim in FLK1

Mock Exam #

Îmtîhaneke ceribandinê ku format, dem û astê zehmetiyê yên îmtîhanên rastîn ên SQE dubare dike. Superexam îmtîhanên ceribandinê yên SQE1 û SQE2 wek hêmaneke sereke ya rêbaza xwe ya amadekariyê pêşkêş dike.

SQE mock tests and practice questions

N

Negligence #

Zirareke ku îsbatkirina erkê baldariyê, binpêkirina wê û zirara jê derketî dixwaze. Hiqûqa xemsariyê, tevî xemsariya pîşeyî, di modula Tort a SQE1 FLK1 de tê pîvandin.

Tort and negligence in the FLK1 syllabus

Negotiation #

Rêbaza çareserkirina nakokiyan an temamkirina danûstandinan bi axaftina rasterast di navbera aliyan an nûnerên wan de. Yek ji rêbazên alternatîf e ku di SQE1 de tê pîvandin û di amadekariya SQE2 de tê pratîzekirin.

Negotiation and ADR in FLK1 Dispute Resolution

Notary Public #

Pîşeyekî bi destûra hiqûqî ku wekîl e belgeyan ji bo bikaranînê li welatên biyanî pesend bike. Noter ji solicitoran cuda ne û di SQE de nayên pîvandin, lê berbijar dikarin di senaryoyên navneteweyî de rastî vê rolê werin.

O

OSCEsmart #

Rêbaza taybet a Superexam ji bo amadekariya îmtîhanên jêhatîbûnê yên SQE2, ku ji teknîkên perwerdehiya bijîşkî ya OSCE (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) hatiye pêşxistin û li gorî jêhatîbûnên pîşeyî yên hiqûqî hatiye adaptekirin.

About Academy of Smart Lawyers (OSCEsmart)

P

Particulars of Claim #

Belgeyeke fermî ku tê de dozger doza xwe di dozgeriya sivîl de radixe: rastiyên ku pişta xwe pê girê dide, bingeha hiqûqî ya daxwazê û çareseriya xwestî. Amadekirina wê dikare di SQE2 de bê pîvandin.

Draft statements of case in SQE2 mocks

Pass Mark #

Xala ku ji bo derbasbûna SQE1 an SQE2 pêwîst e. SRA sînoreke hejmarî ya sabit naweşîne; standarda derbasbûnê ji aliyê panelekî nirxandaran ve bi sepandina threshold standard li ser her rûniştinê tê diyarkirin.

SQE pass marks and how they are set

Probate #

Pêvajoya hiqûqî ya fermî ya îsbatkirina rewabûna wesiyetê û birêvebirina mîrata miriyê. Hiqûq û rêbaza probate beşek ji warê Wills, Intestacy, Probate and Administration a SQE1 FLK2 ne.

Wills and administration of estates in FLK2

Professional Conduct #

Qaîde û prensîbên ku tevgera solicitor rêk dixin, ku bi giranî di SRA Standards and Regulations de hatine danîn. Senaryoyên exlaqî hem di SQE1 hem di SQE2 de hatine bicihkirin.

Ethics and professional conduct across SQE1

Property Practice #

Dersa bingehîn a SQE1 FLK2 li ser conveyancinga niştecihî û bazirganî, erdên qeydkirî û neqeydkirî, hiqûqa kirêdariyê û fînansekirina milkan.

Property Practice in the FLK2 syllabus

PSC (Professional Skills Course) #

Kursa ku berê ji solicitorên stajyer ên rêya LPC dihat xwestin û advocacy, nivîsandin, drafting û birêvebirina muwekîl dihewand. Jêhatîbûnên ku berê li wir dihatin pîvandin niha di SQE2 de hatine bicihkirin.

The Professional Skills Course explained

Q

QLTS (Qualified Lawyers Transfer Scheme) #

Rêya destûrdariyê ya berê ku hişt hiqûqnasên li derveyî welat xwedî destûr bi rêya îmtîhanên MCT û OSCE li Îngilîstan û Wales bibin solicitor. Şûna QLTS di Îlona 2021an de SQE girt.

QLTS explained and how it compares with the SQE

QWE (Qualifying Work Experience) #

Şertê mecbûrî yê du salan ezmûna xebata hiqûqî ya bi naverok, ku divê beriya îmtîhanên SQE an bi wan re bê temamkirin. QWE dikare herî zêde li çar saziyan bê berhevkirin û ne şert e ku li ofîseke hiqûqî be.

QWE rules, sign-off and common mistakes

R

Reasonable Adjustments #

Guhertinên mercên îmtîhanê ji bo berbijarên bi seqetî an zehmetiyên fêrbûnê yên taybet, wek dema zêde, jûreke cuda an teknolojiya alîkar. Serlêdan divê pêşî ji Kaplan re bê kirin.

Applying for SQE reasonable adjustments

Remedies #

Şiklên çareseriyê yên ji bo dozgerê serketî: tazmînat, fermanên qedexekirinê, bicihanîna diyarkirî û betalkirin. Çareserî di çend dersên SQE1 de tên pîvandin, tevî hiqûqa peymanê, hiqûqa zirarê û equity.

Contract and tort remedies in FLK1

Resit Policy #

Li gorî qaîdeyên SRA, hejmara dubarekirina SQE1 an SQE2 sînor nîne. Her dubarekirin divê cuda bê veqetandin û pere lê bê dayîn, û her du qonax dikarin bi her rêzê bên dayîn.

SQE1 and SQE2 resit support

Roll of Solicitors #

Qeydiya fermî ya solicitorên xwedî destûr ku SRA diparêze. Berbijar tenê piştî derbasbûna her du qonaxên SQE û temamkirina QWE ya pêwîst tê qeydkirin û dikare li Îngilîstan û Wales bixebite.

How the SQE leads to admission as a solicitor

S

Sentencing #

Pêvajoya ku tê de dadgeh cezayê guncaw ji bo tawanbarê mehkûmkirî diyar dike. Prensîbên cezadanê, rênîşander û hêzên dadgehên cuda di SQE1 FLK2 de di bin Criminal Law and Practice de tên pîvandin.

Criminal Law and Practice in FLK2

Single-Best-Answer (SBA) #

The multiple-choice question format used in SQE1. Each question presents a legal scenario followed by five answer options, and candidates must select the single most correct answer. There is no negative marking.

Practise SQE1 single-best-answer questions

Solicitor #

A qualified legal professional admitted to the Roll of Solicitors maintained by the SRA, entitled to provide legal advice and represent clients in legal proceedings in England and Wales.

The SQE route to becoming a solicitor

Solicitor Apprenticeship #

A route to qualification as a solicitor that combines work-based learning with academic study, allowing candidates to complete their degree and QWE simultaneously while being employed by a law firm.

The SQE for solicitor apprentices

Solicitors Accounts #

Rules governing how solicitors must handle client money, including requirements for separate client accounts, the prohibition on mixing client and office funds, and record-keeping obligations. Tested in SQE1 FLK2.

Solicitors Accounts in the FLK2 syllabus

Solicitors Regulation Authority (SRA) #

The independent regulatory body for solicitors in England and Wales. The SRA designed the SQE, sets the threshold standard, appoints Kaplan as the assessment centre, and maintains the Roll of Solicitors.

SQE explained: SRA rules, structure and timeline

Specific Performance #

An equitable remedy requiring a party to perform their contractual obligations, typically ordered where damages would be an inadequate remedy (most commonly in contracts for the sale of land). Tested in Contract Law and Equity modules of SQE1.

Equitable remedies in FLK1 contract law

SQE (Solicitors Qualifying Examination) #

The centralised qualification assessment introduced by the SRA in September 2021, replacing the LPC and QLTS as the route to becoming a solicitor in England and Wales. It consists of SQE1 (knowledge) and SQE2 (skills) stages.

The Solicitors Qualifying Examination explained

SQE Prep & Practice (Oxford University Press) #

A digital SQE self-study subscription published by Oxford University Press. It combines online textbooks covering the FLK1 and FLK2 syllabus with chapter-level multiple-choice questions and full-length SQE1 mock exams, delivered through a browser-based learning platform rather than as printed volumes. Content is revised on an annual cycle to track SRA syllabus changes.

It is a knowledge and question-bank resource, not an SRA-authorised training course: it carries no exam exemptions and does not count towards Qualifying Work Experience.

Read the full OUP SQE Prep & Practice review

SQE Self-Study #

Preparing for the SQE using textbooks, question banks and mock exams without enrolling on a taught preparation course. The SRA does not require candidates to complete any preparation course before sitting the assessments, so self-study is a fully valid route to qualification.

The trade-off is that the SQE preparation market is unregulated: the SRA authorises neither providers nor materials, so the syllabus accuracy, currency and question quality of self-study resources vary widely and remain the candidate’s own risk to assess.

Compare structured SQE1 preparation

SQE1 #

The first stage of the SQE, consisting of two written papers (FLK1 and FLK2), each containing 180 single-best-answer multiple-choice questions. SQE1 assesses Functioning Legal Knowledge across all core areas of English law.

SQE1: structure, subjects and preparation

SQE2 #

The second stage of the SQE, assessing five legal skills — client interview and attendance note, advocacy, legal research, legal writing, and legal drafting — through a combination of role-plays and written tasks.

SQE2: skills assessments and preparation

SQE2 1 to 1 Mock Exams #

Private 1-to-1 classes designed to replicate the real exam experience across all SQE2 practice areas and assessment stations.

  • Full coverage of all SQE2 stations (e.g. advocacy, interview, research, writing, drafting, CMA)
  • Personalised feedback from specially trained tutors – solicitors and professional interviewers
  • Strong focus on quality – each session, marking, and feedback is delivered with care and typically involves at least 1 academic hour of detailed review
  • Advanced digital delivery via the SUPERexam LMS, including dedicated classrooms and marking tools

These mocks are designed not only to assess performance but to train you to meet and exceed the SQE2 marking criteria.

Learn more about SQE2 1 to 1 Mock Exams

SQE2 Basic Course #

is a skills based structured course timeline where tasks are organised in a specific, logical sequence, allowing aspiring solicitors to follow the training flow step by step.

The course focuses on core SQE2 skills preparation through a combination of theoretical guidance and practical training, including skills lectures, written mocks for self-practice, and oral group mocks.

Importantly, a substantial amount of law revision is embedded within the written mock bundles, ensuring that practical exercises are complemented by solid legal revision, targeted explanations, and clarification of common areas of confusion.

This approach allows candidates to revise the law while applying it, rather than treating revision and skills practice as separate activities.

Learn more about SQE2 Basic Course

SQE2 LPC Package #

The LPC SQE2 Package is a specialised preparation programme designed exclusively for candidates who have completed the Legal Practice Course (LPC) and are transitioning to the Solicitors Qualifying Examination route.

It recognises that LPC graduates already possess substantial legal knowledge and practical training, but require targeted preparation to adapt to the SQE2 exam format, which assesses candidates at the level of a day-one solicitor rather than a trainee.

At the Academy of Smart Lawyers, this package was developed by founders who are themselves LPC graduates, based on their own experience transitioning to the SQE and supporting their friends and colleagues through the same process.

The programme is not theoretical – it is a practical, experience-driven pathway designed to address the challenges LPC graduates face in SQE2. The LPC SQE2 Package builds on either: the Basic SQE2 Package or SQE2 Resit Course, with additional benefits:
✔ Includes 1-to-1 mock sessions with solicitor-level feedback (at a higher discounted rate)
✔ Full law revision included at no additional cost

Learn more about SQE2 LPC Package

Stare Decisis #

The doctrine of precedent, requiring courts to follow the decisions of higher courts in the same hierarchy. Stare decisis is a core concept within the Legal System module of SQE1 FLK1.

Precedent and the legal system in FLK1

Statement of Truth #

A declaration signed by a party or their representative confirming that the contents of a document are true to the best of their knowledge and belief. Required on statements of case and witness statements in civil litigation.

SQE2 Legal Drafting mocks

Statutory Interpretation #

The methods used by courts to determine the meaning of legislation, including the literal, golden, and mischief rules, as well as the purposive approach. Tested within the Legal System subject area of SQE1 FLK1.

Statutory interpretation in the FLK1 syllabus

T

Tax (SQE) #

The Taxation module in SQE1 FLK2 covers income tax, capital gains tax, inheritance tax, stamp duty land tax, and VAT — focusing on their application in the context of property transactions, wills, and business dealings.

Taxation within FLK1 Business Law and Practice

Threshold Standard #

The minimum level of competence a newly qualified solicitor must demonstrate to pass the SQE. Pass marks are set by assessors applying the threshold standard to each sitting, meaning the pass mark may vary slightly between sittings.

SQE marking, threshold standard and pass marks

Tort #

An area of civil law covering civil wrongs, including negligence, occupiers’ liability, nuisance, the rule in Rylands v Fletcher, and defamation. Tort is assessed as a standalone subject in SQE1 FLK1.

Tort in the FLK1 syllabus

Training Contract #

The two-year period of supervised practice that was the traditional route to solicitor qualification under the LPC system. Training contracts have been replaced by the more flexible QWE requirement under the SQE regime.

QWE: what replaced the training contract

Trust #

A legal arrangement in which one person (the trustee) holds property for the benefit of another (the beneficiary). The law of trusts is assessed within Equity and Trusts in SQE1 FLK1 and arises in Probate and Tax scenarios in FLK2.

Trusts in the FLK2 syllabus

U

Unfair Prejudice Petition #

A remedy available to minority shareholders who have been treated unfairly by those in control of a company. Tested within Company Law under the Business Law and Practice module of SQE1 FLK1.

Company law disputes in FLK1

V

Vicarious Liability #

The principle by which an employer can be held responsible for the tortious acts of an employee committed in the course of employment. Tested within the Tort module of SQE1 FLK1.

Tort in the FLK1 syllabus

W

Wills and Intestacy #

A key SQE1 FLK2 subject covering the formal requirements for a valid will, the rules of intestate succession, family provision claims, construction of wills, and the administration of estates.

Wills and administration of estates in FLK2

Without Prejudice #

A legal privilege that protects communications made in a genuine attempt to settle a dispute from being disclosed or used as evidence in court proceedings. The without prejudice rule is assessed in the Dispute Resolution module of SQE1 FLK1.

Dispute Resolution in the FLK1 syllabus

Witness Statement #

A written document setting out the evidence a witness will give at trial. Drafting and evaluating witness statements is relevant to Civil Litigation in SQE1 and may feature in SQE2 written tasks and advocacy preparation.

Draft witness statements in SQE2 mocks

Written Standards (SQE2) #

The criteria applied by SQE2 assessors when marking written tasks, including accuracy of legal content, structure and presentation, appropriate use of language, and compliance with professional obligations.

SQE2 written and oral assessments explained

96 terms in this glossary.